OT: AKB: Is Nuclear Fusion a Real Possibility?

KSLion

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As a sustainable energy source? No I don't see it.

This is the way I view it: for nuclear fission radioactive materials are readily available in nature. All man has done is collect and purify them. Want to create a new material like plutonium? Slowly collect the emissions and bombard uranium. Nothing fancy, can be done relatively easily.

Fusion on the other hand is found nowhere in nature except in a star. Not on this planet, any other planet, asteroids, comets, etc. The amount of sustained pressure and temperature is phenomenal - a massive gas giant like Jupiter or even larger doesn't create it. Then you have the problem of materials of construction. Every material is created in the fusion reactor of a star. What materials hold up against a star? Nothing does, massive gravity holds that star together. How are you going to create that on earth? While it's nice to ponder, containing sustained fusion nuclear explosions is a pipe dream.

It's a massive waste of money. These articles use descriptive terms to describe progress. If you have to walk to the moon, and you climb the empire state building, sure, technically you've achieved orders of magnitude of improvement, but it's still meaningless.
Understand where you're coming from but, without any scientific facts to back it up, I believe the human race will ultimately be able to harness nuclear fusion for its own benefit.

Modern humans supposedly have existed for about 200,000 years. For all but the most recent 119 or so of those years, the prevailing wisdom among many intelligent people regarding controlled, powered flight in the Earth's atmosphere held that if God wanted mankind to fly He would've given him wings, and I suppose those wings would've been on his back and would've flapped like a bird's -- or maybe an angel's. But they obviously weren't there. So, what was the natural conclusion?

Then, in December, 1903 a couple of obscure bicycle mechanics from Dayton, Ohio turned conventional wisdom on its head and proved that, in fact, God had given Man wings. They were there all the time. It's just that they were in his mind, not on his back where conventional wisdom would've had them. The Wrights' first flight wasn't much, a forty-yard jump over a large puddle, but that turned out to be enough of a start to allow astronauts to land on the Moon 66 years later. Or, put another way, the modern human race required nearly 200,000 years of existence to figure out how to fly in Earth's atmosphere at all. Then, in 66 years, a little less than the average length of a single human lifetime, it went from not being able fly at all --- to the Moon.

Am guessing that, in 2022, controlling the fusion reaction may appear to some like the mastering of controlled, powered atmospheric flight looked to their 19th- or early 20th century grandfathers, i.e. nearly-, and probably totally-, impossible. But if past is prologue, at some point science will produce the necessary breakthrough(s) and, assuming humanity can also find a way to avoid using its existing, scientifically-developed, nuclear fusion weaponology to blow itself to bits in the meantime, will then move on to the next "impossibility" like, say, time travel, or wormholes or ...???
 
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Woodpecker

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Or, put another way, the modern human race required nearly 200,000 years of existence to figure out how to fly in Earth's atmosphere at all. Then, in 66 years, a little less than the average length of a single human lifetime, it went from not being able fly at all --- to the Moon.
Then, after another 55 years, well be flying to ... the moon.
 

PrtLng Lion

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Understand where you're coming from but, without any scientific facts to back it up, I believe the human race will ultimately be able to harness nuclear fusion for its own benefit.

Modern humans supposedly have existed for about 200,000 years. For all but the most recent 119 or so of those years, the prevailing wisdom among many intelligent people regarding controlled, powered flight in the Earth's atmosphere held that if God wanted mankind to fly He would've given him wings, and I suppose those wings would've been on his back and would've flapped like a bird's -- or an angel's. But obviously they weren't there. So, what was the natural conclusion?

Then, in December, 1903 a couple of obscure bicycle mechanics from Dayton, Ohio turned conventional wisdom on its head and proved that, in fact, God had given Man wings. They were there all the time. It's just that they were in his mind, not on his back where conventional wisdom would've had them. The Wrights' first flight wasn't much, but it turned out to be enough of a start to allow astronauts to land on the Moon 66 years later. Or, put another way, the modern human race required nearly 200,000 years of existence to figure out how to fly in Earth's atmosphere at all. Then, in 66 years, a little less than the average length of a single human lifetime, it went from not being able fly at all --- to the Moon.

Am guessing that, in 2022, controlling the fusion reaction may appear to some like the mastering of controlled, powered atmospheric flight looked to their 19th- or early 20th century grandfathers, i.e. nearly, probably totally-, impossible. But if past is prologue, at some point science will produce the necessary breakthrough(s) and, assuming humanity can also find a way to avoid using its existing, scientifically-developed nuclear-fusion weapons to blow itself to bits in the meantime, will then move on to the next "impossibility" like, say time travel, or wormholes or ...???
Excellent post.

It's amazing to look at the technology we have today (internet, cell phones, air travel, ....) and to think how they'd have been perceived by humans in the 18th century as impossible. "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic."

But here we are in 2022 with these things we now take for granted. Seems to me the latest breakthrough at Lawrence Liverpool will almost certainly lead to more widespread use of fusion as a source of energy in some number of decades; militarily, commercially, and residentially.
 

Catch1lion

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RochLion

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NittPicker

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step.eng69

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“Essentially, TAE needed funding, and TMG was looking for investment opportunities. Given the family's history of investing in areas with supportive policies, this deal might indicate increased government support for nuclear energy — both fusion and fission — to power AI development,” he said. 🤔

LINK: Deal or not, the nuclear fusion age is far from imminent
 

rigi19040

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I think the MIT prof who was murdered was working on fusion.


I have read fusion is getting real close. Bill gates and some of the large tech companies have invested billions since they need the power. They think it is coming.


MIT grads have a private company working in it. Commonwealth fusion.
 

Yogiman71

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I heard CEO of OKLO on CNBC the other day that they can use plutonium as a bridge for boosting data center energy requirements until more options are available. There is plenty of plutonium available from previous wars that is only set to be destroyed and can be used for this. Just passing on, don’t shoot the messenger.
 
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Big_O

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My daughter with her doctorate in Nuclear Engineering works at the one place that had success with fusion ignition, Lawrence Livermore. She does not think this is going to be something that will be a useful technology anywhere in the near term future (10-20 years). I will add that she doesn’t work in the nuclear power field at LL NL, although she does know some who do.
 
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I heard CEO of OKLO on CNBC the other day that they can use plutonium as a bridge for boosting data center energy requirements until more options are available. There is plenty of plutonium available from previous wars that is only set to be destroyed and can be used for this. Just passing on, don’t shoot the messenger.
Plutonium is old news. The hot thing is cobalt-thorium G

look it up!
 

JakkL

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We need to build a LOT of new fission reactors NOW. The amount of electricity needed to fuel these AI data centers is going to cause tremendous power shortages. I had planned to buy an EV, but now I'm leaning towards a hybrid.
 
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My daughter with her doctorate in Nuclear Engineering works at the one place that had success with fusion ignition, Lawrence Livermore. She does not think this is going to be something that will be a useful technology anywhere in the near term future (10-20 years). I will add that she doesn’t work in the nuclear power field at LL NL, although she does know some who do.
I was lead sales executive selling 3D solid modeling solution called Pro/Engineer to LLNL national ignition facility (NIF) mid 90s. That's the fusion project that supposedly reached breakthrough in 2022. The scientists told me that by 2050 they will have fusion mainstreamed.
 

BostonNit

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I think the MIT prof who was murdered was working on fusion.


I have read fusion is getting real close. Bill gates and some of the large tech companies have invested billions since they need the power. They think it is coming.


MIT grads have a private company working in it. Commonwealth fusion.
Was just gonna mention Commonwealth Fusion Systems. I'm hearing they are getting very close.
 

SkiSkiSki

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Spend the research money on building long term spent fuel storage facilities for conventional nuclear waste like Finland just built instead of on pie in the fusion. Build smaller scale conventional reactors. We don’t need a Ferrari when 1,000 Volkswagons will do.
 
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Woodpecker

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My daughter with her doctorate in Nuclear Engineering works at the one place that had success with fusion ignition, Lawrence Livermore. She does not think this is going to be something that will be a useful technology anywhere in the near term future (10-20 years). I will add that she doesn’t work in the nuclear power field at LL NL, although she does know some who do.
 

Catch1lion

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My daughter with her doctorate in Nuclear Engineering works at the one place that had success with fusion ignition, Lawrence Livermore. She does not think this is going to be something that will be a useful technology anywhere in the near term future (10-20 years). I will add that she doesn’t work in the nuclear power field at LL NL, although she does know some who do.
A lot of smart kids out there . The board’s wives must be brainiacs. Congrats doc.
 

CyphaPSU

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The key to nuclear fusion is that you need the nuclei of atoms sufficiently close enough together at sufficiently high enough temperatures for nuclei to move fast enough in order to fuse. The nucleus of one atom doesn't like being close to the nucleus of another atom because they have the same charge (positive), and so they naturally repel each other (the electromagnetic force). The conditions have to be powerful enough for the nuclei to overcome the electromagnetic force. It's extremely difficult to achieve these conditions without it requiring more energy to be put into it than is generated as a result of it using current tech.
 

rigi19040

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If it hasn't been done, how do they know it will even work?


What stock will make money off of this?
 

op2

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If it hasn't been done, how do they know it will even work?


What stock will make money off of this?
The Sun has been doing it constantly for a few billion years now.

As I understand it, if nuclear fusion is ever perfected here on Earth it will make pretty much all other energy sources irrelevant because it will be so much better (again, if it's perfected to the point it can be mass produced as opposed to just doing it once or twice in a big lab). Can someone with more knowledge on the subject give some thoughts on that assertion?
 

op2

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Nuclear fusion is not my research specialty as a physicist but I took some particle physics and astrophysics courses in grad school so I can opine. When i was a young lad I toured the Princeton Plasma Physics Fusion Lab 50 years ago and they confidently announced then that commercial fusion reactors were about 50 years away. Today's prediction is, guess what, still about 50 years away. Nevertheless, I think that it will eventually happen. The technological challenges are severe but not insurmountable. For those who fear a catastrophic runaway fusion reaction, keep in mind that a fusion reaction is so difficult to ignite, let alone sustain, that unlike a fission rector, a fusion reactor could be shut down within microseconds.

As for cold fusion, I saw it first announced by Dan Rather on network news while I was sitting in a bar with some colleagues after a long day at a physics conference. We immediately did a calculation (yes, on a bar napkin) using a quantum mechanical techniaqe called the WKB approximation and some physics constants from memory (perhaps clouded by beer consumption) and got a probability of such a reaction about 80 orders of magnitude smaller than what they were announcing. Nevertheless, when we got back at the end of the week we quickly scrounged some heavy water, some palladium electrodes, and some neutron counters and built electrochemical cells out of soda cans and styrofoam cups immersed in a fish tank (the small plastic diver emitting bubbles added a bit of artistic whimsy) to duplicate the Pons and Fleischmann results. Because they claimed that their reactor had set fire to and melted a chemical fume hood containing the experiment, we set it up to run by computer over a weekend. We came in Monday morning and saw that the temperature of the cells had risen along with the neutron counts. Success!!!??? The first thing a physicist should ask is, "How could we be fooling ourselves?" A quick call to Lab Facilities asked if they turn off the air conditioning over the weekend. Yes, they do. A call to the owners of the neutron counters asked if the dark (i.e., false) neutron counts depended on temperature. Yes, as T rises, so do dark counts. Oops, results were coincidental, not confirmational. That same day, a group from Texas A&M announced "positive" results like ours that they later had to retract. A few weeks later we attended a special session on cold fusion at another physics conference where group after group announced negative results. A famous chemistry professor from CalTech (NathanLewis) gave a devastating rebuttal to cold fusion and summed up with the statement, "No reputable university without a good football team has shown positive cold fusion results". Ouch, but not entirely accurate. Texas A&M sucked at football back then (and still vastly underperforms). Cold fusion research sputtered along for a bit with its true believers, and then died. Nevertheless, those were among the most exciting six weeks of my scientific career.

PS For the poster who said particle accelerators (and by the way, they are not directly related to fusion research) are a wasteful boondoggle, I respond that, like the James Webb telescope,they do not lead to commercial products or new military systems but to fundamental knowkledge. As such, they do not contribute to national strength or defense, but to what makes the country worth defending and the human race worth preserving.
So in other words, the media was spouting nonsense 50 years ago just like they do now.

Seriously, the media, and Fleischman and Pons, should have been more responsible. I don't recall. Were Fleischman and Pons purposely trying to pull a fast one or were they just delusional? Not good either way.
 
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Leo Ridens

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So in other words, the media was spouting nonsense 50 years ago just like they do now.

Seriously, the media, and Fleischman and Pons, should have been more responsible. I don't recall. Were Fleischman and Pons purposely trying to pull a fast one or were they just delusional? Not good either way.
It is not often that I get to respond to a question about a post I made almost four years ago (2/12/2022 on page 1 of this thread).

Pons and Fleischmann fell prey to the lure of believing their incomplete and misleading data set. See:


FYI A small effort in cold fusion is still going on where I work. I think it those doing it are falling prey to the psychological trap described in the above article.

Now on to real fusion. A friend from grad school has worked in hot fusion for decades and says commercialization has serious problems. See:


Short summary: Large scale commercialization is still decdes away, if then.
 
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LionJim

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It is not often that I get to respond to a question about a post I made almost four years ago (2/12/2022 on page 1 of this thread).

Pons and Fleischmann fell prey to the lure of believing their incomplete and misleading data set. See:


FYI A small effort in cold fusion is still going on where I work. I think it those doing it are falling prey to the psychological trap described in the above article.

Now on to real fusion. A friend from grad school has worked in hot fusion for decades and says commercialization has serious problems. See:


Short summary: Large scale commercialization is still decdes away, if then.
Thanks for the insight @Leo Ridens. Always a treat to read your technical posts. Hope this finds you well.