Game tapes don’t show the sidelines and what signals are being used….that’s why pregame scouting is illegal. Michigan was filming the sideline the whole game then matching it up with the game tape to see what plays were run.
That is not what is being reported. According to The Athletic, sign stealing is pretty ubiquitous and legal save for two very specific instances - in person scouting, and use of technology on the sideline. Harbaugh has been a good coach for a long time; he's either been doing this forever and never got caught, or got desperate to beat OSU and went all in on sign stealing. I don't doubt Michigan was stealing signs, but I want to see some of the specific evidence the NCAA and B1G have before I determine they are only winning because of it:
What is “legal” in college football as it pertains to scouting?
Most things! On very little notice, coaches can acquire the All-22 film of any game they need. Every program subscribes to a paid service that provides these, and they can see the sidelines and every player on the field at all times.
That’s pretty standard film study, and sometimes that can capture some signals. But coaches often hold up barriers behind their signers to prevent the eye in the sky from recording those signals and allowing them to show up on the All-22 film.
But having a specialist on the sidelines to pick up signals coaches may have seen on TV copies of the game or on film is
not illegal. It’s a somewhat complex issue that’s mostly frowned upon and wouldn’t be endorsed publicly by coaches, but it’s also a widespread practice.
Some coaches might raise their eyebrows at Michigan having a specialist in
sign stealingroaming their sidelines and talking with the coaching staff, but there is no rule explicitly banning this.
What is “illegal” then?
At issue in Michigan’s case, no person from an opposing staff can scout an opponent in person. So if Michigan was sending someone from their program to future opponents’ games, that is explicitly illegal, whether or not they were there to record or document signals. In 2015, then-
Baylor offensive coordinator Jeff Lebby was in hot water when he was spotted on the sidelines of
Tulsa’s game at Oklahoma.
Lebby said he was in town for a wedding and catching up with Tulsa’s staff who had spent a long time on Baylor’s staff. It may have been innocuous, but it was explicitly against the rules.
So is having any technology on the sideline to record signals. So someone on the staff couldn’t be filming across the field with a camera or a phone and studying it on the sidelines, passing it on to coaches and deciphering signals in real time.
It is not clear at this time who was allegedly attending games to acquire information. Athletic department officials and other staffers would, presumably, be at Michigan games on Saturdays. It would also be rather brazen and fairly obvious for someone directly employed by Michigan to do such a thing. Could it be former staffers? Family members? Fans? At this point, sources briefed on the investigation are not sure.